The following papers are relevant to
Observational and Dynamical Properties of the Kuiper Belt

  1. Backman, D. E., Dasgupta, A., and Stencel, R. E. (1995). Model of a Kuiper Belt Small Grain Population and Resulting Far-IR Emission, Ap. J. Lett., 450, L35-L38.
  2. Bailey, M. E. (1994). In Asteroids, Comets, Meteors 1993, eds. A. Milani, M. Di Martino and A. Cellino, Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 443-459.
  3. Barucci, M., Doressoundiram, A., Tholen, D., Fulchignoni, M., and Lazzarin, M. (1999). Spectrophotometric Observations of Edgeworth-Kuiper Belt Objects. Icarus, 142, 476.
  4. Brown, M., and Webster, R. (1997). Occultations by Kuiper Belt Objects. MNRAS, 289, 783-786.
  5. Brown, M., and Webster, R. (1998). A Search for Bright Kuiper Belt Objects. Pub. Astr. Soc. Australia, 15, 176-178.
  6. Brown, M. E., Kulkarni, S. R., and Liggett, T. J. (1997). Astrophys. J. Lett., 490, L119.
  7. Brown, M. E., and Koresko, C. D. (1998). Detection of Water Ice on the Centaur 1997 CU26. Ap. J. Lett., 505:65-67.
  8. Brown, M. (2000). NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY OF CENTAURS AND IRREGULAR SATELLITES, A. J., 119, 977-983.
  9. Brown, R., Cruikshank, D., Pendleton, Y., and Veeder, G. (1997). Surface Composition of Kuiper Belt Object 1993SC. Science, 276, 937-939.
  10. Brown, R., Cruikshank, D., Pendleton, Y., and Veeder, G. (1997). Surface Co mposition of Centaur 1997 CU26. Science, 280, 1430.
  11. Brown, W. R., and Luu, J. X. (1997). CCD Photometry of the Centaur 1995 GO. Icarus, 126, 218-224.
  12. Brown, W. R., and Luu, J. X. (1998). Properties of Model Comae Around Kuiper Belt and Centaur Objects. Icarus, 135, 415-430.
  13. Brunini, A., and Fernandez, J. A. (1996). Perturbations on an Extended Kuiper Disk Caused by Passing Stars and Giant Molecular Clouds. Astron. Ap., 308, 988-994.
  14. Brunini, A., and Melita, M. D. (1998). On the Existence of a Primordial Comet Belt Between Uranus and neptune. Icarus, 135, 408-414.
  15. Chiang, E. I. and Brown, M. E. (1999). Keck Pencil-Beam Survey for Faint Kuiper Belt Objects. Astron. J., 118: 1411-1422.
  16. Cochran, A. L., Levison, H. F., Stern, S. A., and Duncan, M. J. (1995). The Discovery of Halley-Sized Kuiper Belt Objects. Astrophys. J. 455, 342.
  17. Collander-Brown, S. J., Fitzsimmons, A., Fletcher, E., Irwin, M. J. and Williams, I. P. (1999). Light Curves of the Trans_neptunian Objects 1996 TP66 and 1994 VK8. MNRAS, 308, 588-592.
  18. Cruikshank, D., et al. (1998). The Composition of Centaur 5145 Pholus. Icarus, 135, 389-407.
  19. Davies, J. K., McBride, N., Ellison, S. L., Green, S. F., and Ballatyne, D. R. (1998). Optical and Infrared Photometry of Six Centaurs. Icarus, 134, 213-227.
  20. Del Popolo, A., Spedicato, E., and Gambera, M. (1999). Kuiper belt Evolution Due To Dynamical Friction. Astron. Ap., 350, 685-693.
  21. Delsemme, A. H. (1973). Origin of the Short-Period Comets. Astron. Ap., 29, 377-381.
  22. Duncan, M., Quinn, T., and Tremaine, S. (1988). Astrophys. J., 328, L69-L73.
  23. Duncan, M. J., and Quinn, T. (1993). In Protostars and Planets III, eds. E. Levy and J. Lunine, University of Arizona Press, Tucson, pp. 1371-1394.
  24. Duncan, M. J., Levison, H. F., and Budd, S. M. (1995). The Dynamical Structure of the Kuiper Belt. Astron. J., 110, 3073-3081.
  25. Dyson, F. J. (1992). Hunting for Comets and Planets. Q. J. R. astr. Soc., 33, 45-57.
  26. Edgeworth, K. E. (1949). Mon. Not. Roy. Astr. Soc., 109, 600-609.
  27. Fernandez, J. A. (1980). Mon. Not. Roy. Astr. Soc., 192, 481-491.
  28. Fernandez, J. A., and Ip, W.-H. (1996). Orbital Expansion and Resonant Trapping During the Late Accretion Stages of the Outer Planets. Planet. Space Sci., 44, 431-439.
  29. Farinella, P., and Davis, D. (1996). Short-Period Comets: Primordial Bodies or Collisional Fragments? Science, 273, 938.
  30. Foster, M., Green, S., McBride, N., and Davies, J. (1999). Detection of Water Ice on 2060 Chiron. Icarus, Volume 141, Issue 2, pp. 408-410.
  31. Flynn, G. J. (1996). Sources of 10 micron Interplanetary Dust: The Contribution from the Kuiper Belt. In Physics, Chemistry and Dynamics of Interplanetary Dust, ASP Conf. Ser., 104, 171.
  32. Gladman, B., and Duncan, M. (1990). Astron. J., 100, 1680.
  33. Gladman, B., and Kavelaars, J. J. (1997). Kuiper Belt Searches from the Palomar 5-m Telescope. Astron. Ap., 317, L35-L38.
  34. Green, S. F., McBride, N., O'Ceallaigh, D., Fitzsimmons, A., Williams, I., and Irwin, M. (1997). Surface Reflectance Properties of Distant Solar System Bodies. MNRAS, 290, 186-192.
  35. Gurnett, D. A., Ansher, J. A., Kurth, W. S., and Granroth, L. J. (1997). Micron- sized Dust Particles Detected in the Outer Solar System by the Voyager 1 and 2 Plasma Wave Instruments. Geo. Res. Lett., 24, 3125-3128.
  36. Hahn, J. M., and Malhotra, R. (1999). Orbital Evolution of Planets Embedded in a Planetesimal Disk. Astronomical Journal, 117, 3041-3053.
  37. Hogg, D. W., Quinlan, G. D., and Tremaine, S. (1991). Dynamical Limits on Dark Mass in the Outer Solar System. Astron. J., 101, 2274-2286.
  38. Holman, M., and Wisdom, J. (1993). Dynamical Stability in the Outer Solar System and the Delivery of Short Period Comets. Astron. J., 105, 1987-1999.
  39. Holman, M. (1997). A Possible Long-Lived Belt of Objects Between Uranus and Neptune. Nature, 387, 785-788.
  40. Ip, W.-H., and Fernandez, J. A. (1991). Steady-State Injection of Short-Period Comets from the Trans-Neptunian Cometary Belt. Icarus, 92, 185-193.
  41. Ip, W.-H. (1997). On Dynamical Evolution of the Centaurs from the Kuiper Belt. Preprint.
  42. Ip, W.-H., and Fernandez, J. A. (1997). On Dynamical Scattering of Kuiper Belt Objects in 2:3 Resonance with Neptune into Short-Period Comets. Astron. Ap., 324, 778-784.
  43. Irwin, M., Tremaine, S., and Zytkow, A. N. (1995). A Search for Slow-Moving Objects and the Luminosity Function of the Kuiper Belt. Astron. J., 110, 3082-3092.
  44. Jewitt, D. C., and Luu, J. X. (1993). Discovery of the Candidate Kuiper Belt Object 1992 QB1. Nature, 362, 730-732.
  45. Jewitt, D. C., and Luu, J. X. (1995). The Solar System Beyond Neptune. Astron. J., 109, 1867-1876.
  46. Jewitt, D. C., Luu, J. X., and Chen, J. (1996). The Mauna Kea - Cerro Tololo (MKCT) Kuiper Belt and Centaur Survey. Astron. J., 112, 1225-1238.
  47. Jewitt, D. C., and Luu, J. X. (1998). Optical-Infrared Spectral Diversity in the Kuiper belt. Astron. J., 115, 1667-1670.
  48. Jewitt, D. C., Luu, J. X., and Trujillo, C. (1998). Large Kuiper Belt Objects: The Mauna Kea 8k CCD Survey. Astron. J., 115, 2125.
  49. Jewitt, D. C. (1999). Kuiper Belt Objects. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 27, 287-312.
  50. Jewitt, D., and Luu, J. (2000). Physical Nature of the Kuiper Belt. Protostars and Planets IV, edited by Vince Mannings, Univ. Az. press, pp. 1201-1229.
  51. Jewitt, D. C., Trujillo, C., and Luu, J. X. (2000). Population and Size Distribution of Jovian L4 Trojans. Astron. J., 120, 1140-1147.
  52. Jewitt, D. C., and Luu, J. X. (2001). Colors and Spectra of Kuiper Belt Objects. Astron. J. (in press, Oct 2001 issue).
  53. Kenyon, S. J., and Luu, J. X. (1998). Accretion in the Early Kuiper Belt I. Coaggulation and Velocity Evolution. Astron. J., 115, 2136-2160.
  54. Kenyon, S. J., and Luu, J. X. (1999). Accretion in the Early Kuiper Belt II. Fragmentation. Astron. J., 118:1101-1119.
  55. Kowal, C. (1989). Icarus, 77, 118-123.
  56. Kuiper, G. P. (1951). In Astrophysics, ed. J. A. Hynek, New York, McGraw-Hill, pp. 357-424.
  57. Levison, H. F. (1991). Long-Term Dynamical Behavior of Small Bodies in the Kuiper Belt. Astron. J., 102, 787-794.
  58. Levison, H. F., and Duncan, M. J. (1990). Astron. J., 100, 1669-1675.
  59. Levison, H. F., and Duncan, M. J. (1992). Astrophys. J., 406, L35.
  60. Levison, H. F., and Stern, S. A. (1995). Possible Origin and Early Dynamical Evolution of the Pluto-Charon Binary. Icarus, 116, 315-339.
  61. Levison, H. F., and Duncan, M. J. (1997). From the Kuiper Belt to Jupiter-Family Comets: The Spatial Distribution of Ecliptic Comets. Icarus, 127, 13-32.
  62. Liou, J.-C., Zook, H. A., and Dermott, S. F. (1996). The Contribution of Kuiper Belt Dust Grains to the Inner Solar System. In Physics, Chemistry and Dynamics of Interplanetary Dust, ASP Conf. Ser. 104, 163.
  63. Liou, J.-C., Zook, H. A., and Dermott, S. F. (1996). Kuiper Belt Dust Grains as a Source of Interplanetary Dust Particles. Icarus, 124, 429-440.
  64. Liou, J.-C. and Zook, H. A. (1999). Signatures of the Giant Planets Imprinted on the Edgeworth-Kuiper Belt Dust Disk. Astron. J., 118: 580-590.
  65. Luu, J. (1994). The Kuiper Belt. In Asteroids, Comets, Meteors 1993, Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp. 31-44.
  66. Luu, J. X., and Jewitt, D. (1988). A Two-Part Search for Slow-Moving Objects. Astron. J., 95, 1256-1262.
  67. Luu, J. X., and Jewitt, D. C. (1996). The Kuiper Belt. Scientific American, Volume 274, May 1996 issue.
  68. Luu, J. X., and Jewitt, D. C. (1996). Reflection Spectrum of the Kuiper Belt Object 1993 SC, Astron. J., 111, 499-503.
  69. Luu, J. X., and Jewitt, D. C. (1996). Color Diversity Among the Centaurs and Kuiper Belt Objects, Astron. J., 112, 2310
  70. Luu, J. X. et al. (1997).A New Dynamical Class of Object in the Outer Solar System. Nature, 387, 573.
  71. Luu, J. X., and Jewitt, D. C. (1998). Reflection Spectrum of Kuiper Belt Object 1996 TL66. Ap. J., 494, L117
  72. J. Luu and D. Jewitt (1998). "Deep Imaging of the Kuiper Belt with the Keck 10-m Telescope". Ap. J. Lett., 502, L91-94.
  73. J. Luu, D. Jewitt and C. Trujillo (2000). "Water Ice in 2060 Chiron and Its Implications for Centaurs and Kuiper-Belt Objects. Ap. J. Lett, 531, L151.
  74. Malhotra, R. (1993). The Origin of Pluto's Peculiar Orbit. Nature, 365, 819.
  75. Malhotra, R. (1995). The Origin of Pluto's Orbit: Implications for the Solar System Beyond Neptune. Astron. J., 110, 420-429.
  76. Malhotra, R. (1996). The Phase Space Structure Near Neptune Resonances In The Kuiper Belt. Astron. J., 111, 504-516.
  77. MacFarland, J. (1996). Kenneth Essex Edgeworth - Victorian Polymath and Founder of the Kuiper Belt? Vistas in Astronomy, 40: 343-354.
  78. Maran, M., and Williams, I. P. (2000). The Evolution of Bodies Orbiting in the Trans-Neptunian Region onto Inermediate Type Orbits. MNRAS., 318, 482-492.
  79. McBride, N., Davies, J. K., Green, S. F. and Foster, M. J. (1999). Optical and Infrared Observations of the Centaur 1997 CU26. MNRAS, 306, 799-805.
  80. Morbidelli, A. (1997). Chaotic Diffusion and the Origin of Comets from the 2/3 Resonance in the Kuiper Belt. Icarus, 127, 1-12.
  81. Morbidelli, A., Thomas, F., and Moons, M. (1995). The Resonant Structure ofthe Kuiper Belt and the Dynamics of the First Five Trans-Neptunian Objects. Icarus, 118, 322-340.
  82. Morbidelli, A., and Valsecchi, G. B. (1997). Neptune Scattered Planetesimals Could Have Sculpted the Primordial Kuiper Belt. Icarus, 128, 464-468.
  83. Morbidelli, A. (1998). The Structure of the Kuiper Belt and the Origin of the Jupiter-Family Comets. ASP Conference Series, 149, 83-105 (D. Lazzaro et al. eds).
  84. Morbidelli, A. (1999). An Overview on the Kuiper Belt and on the Origin of Jupiter-Family Comets. Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy, 72, 129-156.
  85. Moroz, L., Arnold, G., Korochantsev, A., and Wasch, R. (1998). Natural Solid Bitumens as Possible Analogs for Cometary and Asteroid Organics. Icarus, 134, 253-268.
  86. Noll, K., Luu, J., and Gilmore, D. (2000). SPECTROPHOTOMETRY OF FOUR KUIPER BELT OBJECTS WITH NICMOS. A. J., 119:970-976
  87. Petit, J.-M., Morbidelli, A., and Valsecchi, G. (1998). Large Scattered Planetesimals and the Excitation of the Small Body Belts. Icarus, 141, 367-387.
  88. Quillen, A. C. (2000). The Capture of Particles by Chaotic Resonances During Orbital Migration. Astro-ph 12466
  89. Rettig, T. W., and Hahn, J. M. (eds). (1996). Completing the Inventory of the Solar System. Astron. Soc. Pacific. Conference Series 107. This book contains a number of interesting mini-papers on various aspects of the Kuiper Belt and outer solar system.
  90. Romanishin, W., Tegler, S. C., Levine, J. and Butler, N. (1997). BVR Photometry of Centaur Objects 1995GO, 1993HA2 and 5145 Pholus, Astron. J., 113, 1893-1898.
  91. S. Sheppard, D. Jewitt , C. Trujillo, M. Brown and M. Ashley (2000). "Wide-Field CCD Survey For Bright Kuiper Belt Objects and Centaurs", Astron. J., 120, 2687-2694.

  92. Stern, S. A. (1991). On the Number of Planets in the Outer Solar System: Evidence for a Substantial Population of 1000km Bodies. Icarus, 90, 271-281.
  93. Stern, S. A. (1995). Collisional Timescales in the Kuiper Disk and their Implications. Astron. J., 110, 856-868.
  94. Stern, A. S. (1996). On the Collisional Environment, Accretion Time Scales, and Architecture of the Massive, Primordial Kuiper Belt. Astron. J., 112, 1203-1211.
  95. Stern, S. A. (1996). Signatures of Collisions in the Kuiper Belt. Astron. Ap., 310, 999-1010.
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Kuiper Belt

Last Updated June 2001 by DCJ